ऑटिज्म स्पेक्ट्रम डिसऑर्डर: लक्षण, कारण और तेजी से बढ़ते मामलों का अध्ययन

Autism ek neurological disorder hai jo aadmi ke social interaction, communication aur behaviour ko prabhaavit karta hai. Iska naam “spectrum” disorder hai kyunki yeh har individual ko alag tarah se prabhaavit karta hai.

Autism ke common signs aur symptoms mein social interaction ke saath mushkil, jaise ki aankhon mein nazar jamaana aur banaye rakhna, dusro ke emotions ko pehchaan na aur social cues samajhna shamil hai. Communication ke mushkil bhi ismein shamil hai, jaise ki boli ya bhasha ke vikaas mein deri, baatcheet shuru ya banaye rakhne mein mushkil aur bhaashaa ko shabd shabd kaat dena. Autism ke rogi apne aap ko baar baar dharaavahik kriyaaon mein lete hain ya fir kisi ek vishay mein jyada dhyaan dete hain.

Autism ki wajah jyadatar genetic aur environment factors ke combination ke karan hoti hai, lekin isska sahi karan abhi bhi poori tarah se samajh mein nahi hai. Iska abhi koi ilaaj nahi hai, lekin early intervention sahi therapy ke saath iss bimari ke rogiyon ko communication, social interaction aur behaviour mein sudhaar karne mein madad karta hai.

Autism ke rogiyon ke liye kai prakaar ke therapy aur intervention hai, jaise Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), speech therapy, occupational therapy aur sensory integration therapy. Yeh therapy har ek rogi ke specific needs ke anusar taiyaar ki jaati hai aur unke quality of life mein sudhaar laane mein madad karti hai.

Yaad rakhein ki autism ke rogi ek unique strength aur ability ke saath paida hote hain aur sahi suvidha aur sahyog ke saath wo ek khushhaal aur maayneeti jeevan ji sakte hain.

Ek zaruri baat hai ki autism kisi bhi prakar ki buri parenting ya social factors ki wajah se nahi hota hai, jaisa pehle maana jaata tha. Yeh ek neurological disorder hai jo bachpan se hi moujood hota hai aur aamtaur par life ke pehle kuch saal mein diagnose kiya jaata hai.

Autism ka diagnosis behaviour aur developmental milestones ki observation ke adhaar par kiya jaata hai. Iske diagnosis ke liye kuch diagnostic tools aur criteria hai jaise ki Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) aur Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS).

Autism ke rogi apne jeevan bhar alag alag challenges se saamna karte hain, jaise ki social interaction, communication aur behavioural issues ke mushkil. Lekin early intervention aur sahi sahyog ke saath wo khushhaal aur maayneeti jeevan ji sakte hain.

Aajkal autism ko behtar samajhne aur effective treatment taiyaar karne ke liye bahut saara research kiya jaata hai. Haal hi mein autism ke prati jagrukta aur samajh badhi hai jisse autism ke rogiyon aur unke parivaaron ko sahi sahyog aur suvidha pradaan karne mein madad mili hai.

Ant mein, autism ek complex aur bahut pehluon wala disorder hai